There are total 12 schedules of the Indian Constitution. Originally there were 8 schedules. Later four schedules were included in the Indian Constitution by 4 important Constitutional Amendment Acts (First Constitution Amendment Act 1951, 52nd Constitutional Amendment Act 1985, 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act 1993, 74th Constitutional Amendment Act 1993).
Description of 12 Schedules of Indian Constitution
FIRST SCHEDULE
It mentions the constituent states and union territories of the Indian Union.
SECOND SCHEDULE
In this, the salary and allowances received by various office bearers of the Indian polity, President, Governor, Speaker and Deputy Speaker of Lok Sabha, Chairman and Deputy Speaker of Rajya Sabha, Speaker and Deputy Speaker of Legislative Assembly etc. have been mentioned.
THIRD SCHEDULE
In this list, the oath taken by various office bearers at the time of taking office is mentioned.
FOURTH SCHEDULE
The number of members in the Rajya Sabha i.e. the allocation of seats for the states and union territories is mentioned.
FIFTH SCHEDULE
Mention about administration and control for Scheduled Areas and Scheduled Tribes.
SIXTH SCHEDULE
The Sixth Schedule provides for the administration of tribal areas in the states of Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, and Mizoram.
SEVENTH SCHEDULE
It has been told about the distribution of powers between the Center and the states, there are three lists in it-
(I) Union List- The central government makes laws on the subject given in this list.
(II) State List- The state government makes laws on the subject given in this list, if it is related to the national interest, the central government can also make laws.
(III) Concurrent List- Under this, both the central and state governments can make laws on a given subject, but if the subject of the law is the same, only the law made by the central government is valid.
EIGHTH SCHEDULE
Mention about the languages recognized by the constitution. Originally there were 14 languages in the Eighth Schedule. Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Kashmiri, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu, Urdu.Sindhi languages were included by the 21st Constitutional Amendment Act 1967. Konkani, Manipuri and Nepali languages by the 71st Constitutional Amendment Act 1992. Maithili, Santhali, Dogri, Bodo languages were included in this schedule by the 92nd Constitutional Amendment Act 2003. Now there are 22 languages in the Eighth Schedule.
NINTH SCHEDULE
The methods of acquisition of property by the state are mentioned under the Ninth Schedule. The subjects included in the Ninth Schedule cannot be challenged in court.
TENTH SCHEDULE
It mentions the provisions related to defection.
ELEVENTH SCHEDULE
It mentions about the functioning of Panchayati Raj Institutions.
TWELFTH SCHEDULE
Municipal provisions are included.
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